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Suspension 101

6254 Views 60 Replies 36 Participants Last post by  riverrat
I got to thinking about setups and all.. and it occured to me that perhaps some of you think of the front arm as just another spring, and 'don't want it too soft' because you 'like a firm ride'.

The front arm is basically a pivot point for the entire suspension, and if it is too firm, the entire suspension can be compromised, not just in ride quality but also performance. A too-stiff front arm will hurt deep snow performance as well as top end. There are only a few conditions when a stiff front arm is desirable. And I'm talking in general here, not just with the Firecat.

I also took a look at the AC performance manual that I received from Dan at the Outdoor Shop to see what it had to say about the front arm setting. I found what it had to say so interesting that I copied it and posted it here. Again, this is from the Cat performance manual under "Suspension Setup Basics", and it basically agrees with what I've said for years:
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Just to add, careful if you add to much spring pressure to the front skid shock (opposite of what we are talking about here) as the increased tension and track angle puts more stress on the mounting points and can cause failure or bending. This may not be a big issue with the Fcats as I haven't really looked that closely at the undercarriage. Also, I beleive the scissor arm on the Fcat cannot not be moved forward as the holes are blocked off. This was a favorite trick to get more transfer (obviously what most don't need on the Fcat) or soften the ride (what some could use).
hmmm very intresting...the only reason i have ever adjusted my CENTER shock and tightened the spring was due to bottoming...with my old zr's (98 and 02) both with the remote resivors) i talked to a guy that does a lot of racers set ups and told him about my problem and he tightened up my center shock about 1/2 inch and it made a lot of differnce...right now i have my firecat SP set at 3inches of threads showing...thats what ive adjusted it..thats the only time ive rode my sled was with that setting..i thought it was fine BUT..it was almost 50 degrees and snow was packed and loose...so going back to robs original post what AC said..maybe for warmer days ie spring time riding..a tighter shock may be better...

I found VERY intresting that they said with it to tight.. on the wrong conditions u could loose from 5-8 MPH on the top end because its not plaining out enough...whichi found intresting because although the snow was sticky that day and didnt do much for high speed runs..on the same streches my buddy could get his F7 SP up to 108..and mine i would get to 103-104..he hasnt touched his suspension... i think i will try it..but im just affraid in the moguls when u crack the throttle at the base of a mogul..that that center shock will bottom..or maybe it wont bottom any worse then with loose ski pressure..i think that is the most significant shock on the sled...i hated my sled last year because it would alwasy bottom out on the center shock..but at the time i was 260lbs almost..so weight has a lot to do with it..but this year im under 220 now and the woops section i did find it did not bottom out on the center from what im used to remember...its gotta be a trial and error thing... im sure revalving the center shock is also an option?? but then it would throw off stuff again ?? haha AHHHHHHHHHHH confusing
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Last years ZR with the coupled suspension, when adjusted correctly, set a new standard in great handling, and did so in all conditions. So what has changed?
First, I think you will find chassis height higher in the F-Cat. This is a big negative. Especially higher chassis height in the front end.
Secondly, the ZR had soft ski springs and as the front end started to twist in a corner, the stabilizer bar came into play. It appears the ski springs on the F-Cat are stiffer. I am guessing Cat used stiffer springs to curb ski lift, which may have been a mistake. This gave rise to chassis height and stops the sway bar from doing its thing.
Third are the skis. Yami has changed their ski design whenever they changed the chassis. Doo failed to do this going from the S chassis to the XZ chassis and ran into all kinds of handling problems until they matched a ski to the chassis. Just a theory but I don't think the skis match the chassis and you will be able to dial in okay for one condition, but not all. I believe Rob stated this a few days ago, feeling the sled handled fine on hard pack but was impercise on chewed up snow.
Fourth is wheel base. I haven't compared, but I am betting it is different from the ZR. It sounds like a shorter wheelbase based on some of the things that have been said about handling. I am talking from spindle to where the front of the track meets the snow.
Next, I am going out on a real long limb here, but I am starting to think there is an engineering flaw. Just a minor one, but the reason you have to sit on the gas tank for precise handling and why it doesn't handle as well in chewed up snow. I think the entire front suspension is not bolted in to the correct position on the chassis, and this is two pronged. It may be bolted in too high and also too far back. Thus the wheelbase is too short And the suspension does not go down far enough to make the correct ski pressure at the ground. All this talk of centered mass, getting the sled to pivot instead or turn!!! Maybe we have lost the balance of an engine in front and a driver in the rear balancing things out.
Does this make sense?
mike
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Originally posted by gatsledder61@Dec 17 2002, 09:23 PM
Rob - Great post, thanks. The AC performance manual talks about soft snow conditions. Conversley, can we expect better performance (cornering) by putting more spring tension on the front shock when riding on ice conditions, such as river riding? Where we ride, a premium is placed on handling through the corners, not corner to corner acceleration. I have adjusted the limiter straps up by 2", and plan to put spacers in the front shocks to lower the front end. What do you think?

Thanks,
Garry
The AC manual says soft snow would be one time when increasing the front arm spring tension would be beneficial. Ice is the opposite of soft snow and much more similiar to hardpack trails.. In any event, I found the FC handled much more stable on a icy road with the front arm spring relaxed.

As to the limiter straps and spacers, it would be logical to think that would work, but I haven't tried that myself. I was told, however, that shortening the limiter straps will have the overall effect of softening the suspension. Again though, I have no first hand experience with that (yet).
Rob,
After reading this I went and checked my front skid shock and it had about 2 inches of threads showing. I loosened it up and it now has about 1/2" of threads showing. My front ski shocks have about 2 3/4" of thread showing. How much thread do you have showing on your front springs? I havent had a chance to ride my sled yet but It sounds like I should start soft and adjust from there. Also, how much do you weigh? I am about 200 lbs. <_<
Bulldog
Guys, for those that haven't yet, make sure you clarify if you've got a sno-pro or a standard, especially when you're talking suspension spring adjustments, as the two models have different shocks and springs and respective settings.

Also, I too thought my standard didn't have adjustable limiter straps, but after taking my skid out last night to install a 1.375" track, I noticed that sure enough, UNDERNEATH the top Woody's aluminum washer were two additional holes -- one hole a half inch on each side of the middle (stock setting for my standard) hole! I looked VERY carefully before and SWORE there were no extra holes, but I was wrong -- they ARE there!!! -- Roy
Originally posted by A G@Dec 18 2002, 08:56 AM
So, maybe it's best to disregard my garbage. Because the last thing I want is to steer any of you in the wrong direction. However, in the back of my mind, I keep thinking the basic suspension principles of the geometry & forces still apply.
AG, most of your information is basic suspension principles that cross boundries of different skids and different sleds. Very, very useful stuff to many of us.

Now, who has a Firecat in Eastern Ontario that AG can play with and report on?? ;)
Originally posted by Bulldog@Dec 18 2002, 10:18 AM
Rob,
After reading this I went and checked my front skid shock and it had about 2 inches of threads showing. I loosened it up and it now has about 1/2" of threads showing. My front ski shocks have about 2 3/4" of thread showing. How much thread do you have showing on your front springs? I havent had a chance to ride my sled yet but It sounds like I should start soft and adjust from there. Also, how much do you weigh? I am about 200 lbs. <_<
Bulldog
I just went out and measured mine..
Now remember this is a snopro with the limiter strap in the stock position (that will make a difference). I redid the adjustment just as I said.. Jack the rear up, back the spring off till it rattles, and them retighten it about 1/2 to 1 turn or so. It ended up just as I had it, and there is 1 1/8" threads showing. Any looser than that the spring will rattle.

Looked at the front IFS, and adjusted the same way (with the front jacked up) it results in 2 1/2" of treads showing. But don't use the threads to do yours...do it the right way.

I weight 185 or so, but that doesn't matter for this procedure.. Use the rear torsion springs to set for your weight, and only then add a LITTLE to the ft arm IF you are a big guy.
Originally posted by rob@Dec 18 2002, 11:42 AM
Looked at the front IFS, and adjusted the same way (with the front jacked up) it results in 2 1/2" of treads showing. But don't use the threads to do yours...do it the right way.
Rob,

Once again, Excellent Information. What do you mean by "do it the right way?" So much information that I have read in the last day or so has got my brain overloaded. :D

Thanks,
Nick
The coupling blocks have 1,2 or 3 on them. The higher the number the sooner they couple the rear arm to the front arm ie the rear scisor arm moves less.

Edit: The blocks have 4 sides, see this post for information:

Coupling Blocks
Thank all of you so much!! Great information. I have a friend who dabbles quite a bit in auto racing. He swears that all a person needs to go faster is the suspension setup! Get it right and be gone...
Suspension is very important to going faster. Once you get the weight transfer down and the cornerning/handling down, then you need to add more power to the mix ;)
Everyone, In every Cat Manual I've ever seen, it states to leave the front spring as loose as possible, (not new news) or poor handling will result. Every CAT I've owned has handled better with the spring as loose as possible! Adjust the rear springs to resist bottoming (based on rider weight and terrain), adjust the front springs based on snow conditions to resist "pushing", and "RIDE" the sled!!! Just my 2 cents.
Also, try disconnecting the anti-sway bar if you really want to have some fun!!!! Talk about rider input!
Originally posted by Nick+Dec 18 2002, 12:27 PM-->
<!--QuoteBegin-rob
@Dec 18 2002, 11:42 AM
Looked at the front IFS, and adjusted the same way (with the front jacked up) it results in 2 1/2" of treads showing.  But don't use the threads to do yours...do it the right way.  
Rob,

Once again, Excellent Information. What do you mean by "do it the right way?" So much information that I have read in the last day or so has got my brain overloaded. :D

Thanks,
Nick[/b]
Nick I agree, any one have some good drugs or deep snow so I can get ride of this headache!!!! :eek:
mine ahve over 2" aswell left
WOW!!!!!!!!!!!

Thats all I can say is WOW!!!!!!

I finally got a chance to tweak my F5 with this setup and the push is gone!!!

My front shock spring in the rear only had about an inch and a half of thread showing so I backed it down to around an inch or so, maybe a little less, and turned the ski springs a little bit tighter, about two turns on each, thing BLOWS ANY ZR AWAY I EVER RODE!!!!

THANKS ROB and AG!!!! I owe you guys about a 12 pack of beer each... Mailing addresses please??? :lol: :D
this information is great for overall riding improvements, but how do they affect Straight line dragging and weight transfer for hole shot AND top end?
CAREFULL, while expiermenting with my sled this weekend, i loosened the front track spring all the way!!!. I have a sno pro, so it may matter, but you need atleast 1 1/2-2 inches of thread showing in order to get any preload on the spring at all! I was able to looosens it a good inch or more before i realized i was at full soft, after that, you can actually shake the spring and wriggle it around which is bad. You must have some tiny bit of pressure on the spring other wise it will mess the shock up bad. Imagine coming over a big bank and having a loose spring jam agaisnt the shock and bind the bodies agaisnt the mounts. :eek:oh4: as you loosen it try to shake it constantly to make sure theres is abit of preload on it. it does go nice with a soft front shock and no couplign blocks with the strap sucked up 1 position. Funny thing is, on a 2003 standard, you only need 1/2 inch of thread to have some bit of preload on the spring? Dont know why? funny thing. So dont loosed to the point of actually loosening the spring off the body :flag_usa:
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when setting up my ti springs they state only 1/4 inch of preload.front and rear springs lose. i know this isn't factory springs, but still they same conclusion :div20:
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